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접사(接辭)는 어근에 어떤 뜻을 더해 주거나 품사를 바꿈으로써 새로운 단어를 만드는 의존형태소를 말한다.
피동 접사는 타동사와만 결합할 수 있지만 사동 접사는 타동사뿐만 아니라 자동사, 형용사에도 결합할 수 있다. 피동 접사 ‘-이-, -히-, -리-, -기-’는 사동 접사로도 쓰여 동사에 따라서는 사동사와 피동사의 형태가 같은 경우도 있다. 접사가 결합하여 형성된 사동문과 피동문 각각에 대응하는 주동문과 능동문이 없는 경우도 있다. ‘-게 하다’가 붙어서 만들어진 사동문과 대조적으로 ‘-이-, -히-, -리-, -기-'등의 사동접사가 붙어서 만들어진 사동문은 일반적으로 사동주가 피사동주에게 직접적인 행위를 한 것으로 해석된다.
이 글은 언어학에 관한 토막글입니다. 서로의 지식을 모아 알차게 문서를 완성해 갑시다. |
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