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Definition and meaning of 銀心

Definition

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銀心

                   
  2MASS紅外線太空望遠鏡所見到的銀心。

銀心(銀河系中心)是銀河系星系)環繞的中心區域,在人馬座的方向上,距離地球大約8千秒差距(26,000光年),也是銀河系最明亮的區域。

目录

  存在和位置的証明

因為低溫的星際塵埃散佈在視線的方向上,銀心不能利用可見光紫外線或軟X射線等波段進行研究,能研究銀心的電磁波是γ射線、硬X射線、紅外線、次微米波和無線電波等波段。

複雜的無線電波源人馬座 A的位置幾乎就在銀心所在之處,並且有一個緻密的無線電波源人馬座 A*,許多天文學家相信那是一個在我們銀河系中心的超重質量黑洞。氣體被加速進入黑洞時,可能會在周圍形成環繞的吸積盤,釋放出來的就是無線電波源的能量,而這會比黑洞本身大許多,而以目前的觀測儀器還無法看見如此小的黑洞。

  預測

在2002年,安東尼史塔克和克里斯馬丁製作了銀河中心區域內範圍達400光年的氣體密度圖,顯露出有一個數百萬太陽質量的吸積環,而且密度接近恆星形成的臨界值。他們預測再過二億年,在銀河系的中心將會有大量的恆星形成和經歷超新星爆炸的星驟增現象,速率數百倍於現在。星驟增也許會因為物質向中心的黑洞掉落,伴隨著形成銀河噴流。他們有認為每5億年這個程序就會進行一次。

銀心在天球赤道座標系統的座標是:赤經 17h45m40.04s,赤緯 -29º 00' 28.1"(J2000 分點)。

  星占學的預測

幾位占星術的作者以銀心在人马座(不是人马宮)為基準預言,在2012年的冬至點和昴宿星團,但預言的都僅是合(相距0度)和衝(相距180度)的事件。

這些都沒有科學的意義,科學家偶爾會被詢問到一些相關事件的細節,但也都是毫無價值的。

事實上,冬至點會與哪一個天體巧合(經由分點歲差)和銀心的位置都只是基本的知識,但是對昴宿星團的衝就不正確了。

造成這種混淆的原因似乎是誤解了分點歲差的意義了。占星術中所對應的星宮,每個都只是在黃道上大約30度的範圍,不是天文學中所使用的星座。

昴宿星團位於金牛座(不是金牛宮),與銀河中心的角距離大約是150度。昴宿星團必須被移至雙子座(不是雙子宮)才可能接近與銀河中心衝的位置。

更進一步說,昴宿星團中各個恆星的自行相對於地球是橫跨過天球的,以人類的時間尺度來看這種移動非常緩慢,在三百萬年前的昴宿星團比較靠近仙后座,而三百萬年後,昴宿星團會靠近獵戶座的腳部。這些事實都可以利用綠色軟體(免費軟件)星星的運動(Move A Star)得到驗證 [1],這個程式允許我們觀察許多亮星在一長段時間內的運動。

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