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Alprazolam | ||
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Général | ||
Nom IUPAC | 8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-4H- [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazépine |
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No CAS | ||
No EINECS | ||
Code ATC | N05 | |
PubChem | ||
Propriétés chimiques | ||
Formule brute | C17H13ClN4 [Isomères] |
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Masse molaire[1] | 308,765 ± 0,017 g·mol−1 C 66,13 %, H 4,24 %, Cl 11,48 %, N 18,15 %, |
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pKa | 2,4 | |
Précautions | ||
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Phrases R : 22, | ||
Phrases S : 36, | ||
Classe thérapeutique | ||
Benzodiazépine | ||
Données pharmacocinétiques | ||
Biodisponibilité | 80 - 90 % (orale) | |
Métabolisme | Hépatique (CYP3A4) | |
Demi-vie d’élim. | 10,7 - 15,8 h | |
Excrétion | Rénale | |
Considérations thérapeutiques | ||
Voie d’administration | Orale | |
Antidote | Flumazénil | |
Caractère psychotrope | ||
Risque de dépendance | Elevé | |
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L'alprazolam est une benzodiazépine anxiolytique utilisée pour traiter les troubles de l'anxiété.
Sommaire |
Alprazolam augmente l'action cérébrale du GABA, acide gamma amino-butyrique, un neurotransmetteur inhibant l'activité cérébrale.
L'alprazolam est bien absorbé au niveau du tube digestif. La concentration plasmatique maximum est atteinte au bout d'une à deux heures. La substance est principalement liée aux protéines plasmatiques, surtout l'albumine. Dans le foie, l'alprazolam est hydroxylé en α-hydroxyalprazolam, qui est également actif. Cette dernière molécule, ainsi que les autres métabolites sont plus tard excrétés dans l'urine sous forme de glucuronides. Une partie de l'alprazolam est également excrétée telle quelle.
Demi-vie moyenne de 13 heures, (12 à 15 heures).
Alprazolam | |
Noms commerciaux :
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Classe : benzodiazépine |
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Autres informations : Sous classe : |
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