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『歴史とは何か』（れきしとはなにか、What is History?）はE・H・カーの著作の一つ。Macmillanから出版された。1961年にケンブリッジ大学で行った同名の講演にもとづいている。「歴史は現在と過去の対話である」という文章は引用頻度が高い[1]。
この中で、カーは「客観性」のみで歴史を記述しようと試みた近代歴史学を否定した[2]。特に、「進化としての歴史」を主張するアクトンが名を挙げて批判されている[3]。また、歴史の記述の中には著者による歴史観や経験にもとづいた「主観性」が入り込んでおり、その主観性が入り込んでいることを歴史家は慎重に受け止め、それとともに、その主観性がどこに含まれているのか（つまり著者がどのような歴史観や考え方をしているのか）を見極めなければならないとする現代歴史学の立場を表明した[4]。
本書は、マルク・ブロックの『歴史のための弁明』と並んで、現在でも歴史学における基本的なテキストの一つとして用いられている。
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Lettris
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Most English definitions are provided by WordNet .
English thesaurus is mainly derived from The Integral Dictionary (TID).
English Encyclopedia is licensed by Wikipedia (GNU).
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